Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Peru. note 1: shares control of Lago Titicaca, world's highest navigable lake, with Bolivia; a remote slope of Nevado Mismi, a 5,316-m (17,441-ft) peak, is the ultimate source of the Amazon River
note 2: Peru is one of the countries along the Ring of Fire, which is a belt bordering the Pacific Ocean that contains about 75% of the world's volcanoes and up to 90% of the world's earthquakes
note 3: on 19 February 1600, Mount Huaynaputina in the southern Peruvian Andes erupted in the largest volcanic explosion in South America in historical times; intermittent eruptions lasted until 5 March 1600 and pumped an estimated 16 to 32 million metric tons of particulates into the atmosphere, reducing the amount of sunlight reaching the earth's surface and affecting weather worldwide; over the next two-and-a-half years, millions died around the globe in famines from bitterly cold winters, cool summers, and the loss of crops and animals.
Mother's mean age at first birth is N/A
, whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is N/A.
Approximately one third of the population resides along the desert coastal belt in the west, with a strong focus on the capital city of Lima; the Andean highlands, or sierra, contain roughly half of the population; the eastern slopes of the Andes and adjoining rainforest are sparsely populated
In Peru, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Mestizo (mixed Indigenous and White) 60.2%, Indigenous 25.8%, White 5.9%, African descent 3.6%, other (includes Chinese and Japanese descent) 1.2%, unspecified 3.3% (2017 est.)
| Population | N/A |
|---|---|
| Pop growth rate | 0.55% (2025 est.) |
| Birth rate | 16.43 births/1,000 population (2025 est.) |
| Death rate | 9.79 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.) |
| Current health expenditure | N/A |
| Physicians Density | N/A |
| Hospital bed Density | 1.6 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 2.12 children born/woman (2025 est.) |
| Gross reproduction rate | 1.04 (2025 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | N/A |
| Est married women (ages 15-49) | N/A |
| Literacy | N/A |
| Education expenditures | N/A |
| Net Migration rate | N/A |
| Nationality | Peruvian | Peruvian(s) |
| Languages | N/A |
| Religions | N/A |
| Age Structure | |
| 0-14 years | 25.8% (male 4,293,229/female 4,119,269) |
| 15-64 years | 66.2% (male 10,546,502/female 11,041,106) |
| 65 years and over | 8% (2024 est.) (male 1,112,825/female 1,487,318) |
| Dependency Ratios | |
| Total dependency ratio | 50.4 (2025 est.) |
| Youth dependency ratio | 38.4 (2025 est.) |
| Elderly dependency ratio | 12 (2025 est.) |
| Potential support ratio | 8.3 (2025 est.) |
| Median Age | |
| Total | 30.4 years (2025 est.) |
| Male | 29.1 years |
| Female | 31.3 years |
| Urbanization | |
| Urban population | 78.9% of total population (2023) |
| Rate of urbanization | 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Major urban areas (Pop) | 11.204 million LIMA (capital), 959,000 Arequipa, 904,000 Trujillo (2023). |
| Sex Ratio | |
| At birth | 1.05 male(s)/female |
| 0-14 years | 1.04 male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.96 male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.75 male(s)/female |
| Total population | 0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.) |
| Infant Motality | |
| Total | 10.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) |
| Male | 11.9 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Female | 9.7 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life Expectancy at birth | |
| Total population | 68.9 years (2024 est.) |
| Male | 65.4 years |
| Female | 72.7 years |
| Drinking Water Sources | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 97.5% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 84.9% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 94.8% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 2.5% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 15.1% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 5.2% of population (2022 est.) |
| Sanitation facility acess | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 94.1% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 65.9% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 88.1% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 5.9% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 34.1% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 11.9% of population (2022 est.) |
| Major Infectious diseases | |
| Alcohol consumption per capita | |
| Total | 5.74 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Beer | 3.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Wine | 0.46 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Spirits | 2.26 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Other alcohols | 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Tobacco use | |
| Total | 5.7% (2025 est.) |
| Male | 9.5% (2025 est.) |
| Female | 2.1% (2025 est.) |
| Child marriage | |
| Women married by age 15 | 2% (2020) |
| Women married by age 18 | 14.1% (2020) |
Want to know more about Peru? Check all different factbooks for Peru below.