● Each country is a unique chapter in the BOOK OF HUMANITY, written in the sweat and blood of people whose PAGES will now remain forever ● 每个国家都是《人类之书》中独特的一章，由人们的汗水与鲜血写就，而他们的篇章如今将永世留存 ● Каждая страна — уникальная глава КНИГИ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСТВА, написанная потом и кровью людей, чьи СТРАНИЦЫ теперь будут оставаться навсегда ●
Ecuador - Government
Based on the etymology of Ecuador, it was the name is the Spanish word for "equator," referring to its geographic position. The Government system in this country is the presidential republic type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 24 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Azuay, Bolivar, Cañar, Carchi, Chimborazo, Cotopaxi, El Oro, Esmeraldas, Galapagos, Guayas, Imbabura, Loja, Los Rios, Manabí, Morona Santiago, Napo, Orellana, Pastaza, Pichincha, Santa Elena, Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas, Sucumbios, Tungurahua, Zamora Chinchipe
National symbols
Andean condor.
The flag
The National flag of Ecuador has no official description available.
The National Anthem
| Title | N/A |
|---|---|
| Lyric/music | N/A |
More about the government of Ecuador
| Date of Independence | 24 May 1822 (from Spain) |
|---|---|
| National holiday | Independence Day (independence of Quito), 10 August (1809) |
| Legal system | civil law based on the Chilean civil code with modifications; traditional law in ethnic communities |
| International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction |
| Constitution | |
| History | Many previous; latest approved 20 October 2008 |
| Amendment process | Proposed by the president of the republic through a referendum, by public petition of at least 1% of registered voters, or by agreement of at least one-third membership of the National Assembly; passage requires two separate readings a year apart and approval by at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly, and approval by absolute majority in a referendum; amendments such as changes to the structure of the state, constraints on personal rights and guarantees, or constitutional amendment procedures are not allowed |
| Citizenship | |
| Citizenship by birth | yes |
| Citizenship by descent only | yes |
| Dual citizenship recognized | no |
| Residency requirement for naturalization | 3 years |
| Executive Branch | |
| Chief of state | President Daniel NOBOA Azin (since 23 November 2023) |
| Head of government | President Daniel NOBOA Azin (since 23 November 2023) |
| Cabinet | Cabinet appointed by the president |
| Election/appointment process | president and vice president directly elected on the same ballot by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term) |
| Most recent election date | 9 February 2025, with a runoff on 13 April 2025 |
| Election results | 2025: Daniel NOBOA Azin reelected president; percent of vote in the first round - Daniel NOBOA Azin (ADN) 44.2%, Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar (MRC) 44%, Leonidas IZA (MUPP) 5.3%, other 6.5%; percent of vote in the second round - Daniel NOBOA Azin 55.6%, Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar 44.4% 2023: Daniel NOBOA Azin elected president; percent of vote in the first round - Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar (MRC) 33.6%, Daniel NOBOA Azin (ADN) 23.5%, Christian Gustavo ZURITA Ron (Construye) 16.4%, Jan Tomislav TOPIĆ Feraud (Por Un País Sin Miedo) 14.7%, Otto Ramón SONNENHOLZNER Sper (Avanza) 7.1%, other 4.7%; percent of vote in the second round - Daniel NOBOA Azin 51.8%, Luisa GONZÁLEZ Alcivar 48.2% 2021: Guillermo LASSO Mendoza elected president; percent of vote in the first round - Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 32.7%, Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 19.7%, Yaku PEREZ Guartambel (MUPP) 19.4%, Xavier HERVAS Mora (ID) 15.7%, other 12.5%; percent of vote in the second round - Guillermo LASSO Mendoza (CREO) 52.5%, Andres ARAUZ (UNES) 47.5% |
| Expected date of next election | 28 February 2029 |
| Legislative branch | |
| Legislature name | National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) |
| Legislative structure | Unicameral |
| Number of seats | 151 (all directly elected) |
| Electoral system | Proportional representation |
| Scope of elections | Full renewal |
| Term in office | 4 years |
| Most recent election date | 2/9/2025 |
| Parties elected and seats per party | Citizen Revolution Movement (RC) - Renewal Movement (RETO) (67); National Democratic Action (ADN) (66); Pachakutik (9); Other (9) |
| Percentage of women in chamber | 45% |
| Expected date of next election | February 2029 |
| Judicial branch | |
| Highest court(s) | National Court of Justice or Corte Nacional de Justicia (consists of 21 judges, including the chief justice and organized into 5 specialized chambers); Constitutional Court or Corte Constitucional (consists of the court president and 8 judges) |
| Judge selection and term of office | Candidates for the National Court of Justice evaluated and appointed justices by the Judicial Council, a 9-member independent body of law professionals; justices elected for 9-year, non-renewable terms, with one third of the membership renewed every 3 years; candidates for the Constitutional Court evaluated and appointed judges by a 6-member independent body of law professionals; judges appointed for 4-year renewable terms |
| Subordinate courts | Provincial courts (one for each province except Galapagos); fiscal, criminal, and administrative tribunals; Election Dispute Settlement Courts; cantonal courts |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador Pablo Agustín ZAMBRANO Albuja (since 24 July 2025) |
| Chancery | 2535 15th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009 |
| Telephone | [1] (202) 234-7200 |
| FAX | [1] (202) 333-2893 |
| Email address and website | eecuusanotifications@mmrree.gob.ec Contact – Washington (cancilleria.gob.ec) |
| Consulate(s) general | Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, Minneapolis (MN), New Haven (CT), New York, Newark (NJ), Phoenix, San Juan (PR) |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Lawrence PETRONI (since 17 April 2025) |
| Embassy | E12-170 Avenida Avigiras y Avenida Eloy Alfaro, Quito |
| Mailing address | 3420 Quito Place, Washington DC 20521-3420 |
| Telephone | [593] (2) 398-5000 |
| Email address and website | ACSQuito@state.gov https://ec.usembassy.gov/ |
| Consulate(s) general | Guayaquil |
| National heritage | |
| Total World Heritage Sites | 5 (3 cultural, 2 natural) |
| Selected World Heritage Site locales | Historic Quito (c); Galápagos Islands (n); Historic Cuenca (c); Qhapaq Ñan/Andean Road System (c); Sangay National Park (n) |
Key Political parties and their leaders in Ecuador
Info
No additional political notes.
International organization participation
All Important Facts about Ecuador
Want to know more about Ecuador? Check all different factbooks for Ecuador below.
