Mali - Geography
Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Mali. Landlocked; divided into three natural zones: the southern, cultivated Sudanese; the central, semiarid Sahelian; and the northern, arid Saharan. Mother's mean age at first birth is N/A , whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is N/A.
Population Distribution
The overwhelming majority of the population lives in the southern half of the country, with greater density along the border with Burkina Faso, as shown in this population distribution map
People and Society
In Mali, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Bambara 33.3%, Fulani (Peuhl) 13.3%, Sarakole/Soninke/Marka 9.8%, Senufo/Manianka 9.6%, Malinke 8.8%, Dogon 8.7%, Sonrai 5.9%, Bobo 2.1%, Tuareg/Bella 1.7%, other Malian 6%, from members of Economic Community of West Africa 0.4%, other 0.3% (2018 est.)
| Population | N/A |
|---|---|
| Pop growth rate | 2.88% (2025 est.) |
| Birth rate | 39.44 births/1,000 population (2025 est.) |
| Death rate | 7.87 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.) |
| Current health expenditure | N/A |
| Physicians Density | N/A |
| Hospital bed Density | 0.2 beds/1,000 population (2018 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 5.26 children born/woman (2025 est.) |
| Gross reproduction rate | 2.59 (2025 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | N/A |
| Est married women (ages 15-49) | N/A |
| Literacy | N/A |
| Education expenditures | N/A |
| Net Migration rate | N/A |
| Nationality | Malian | Malian(s) |
| Languages | N/A |
| Religions | N/A |
| Age Structure | |
| 0-14 years | 46.8% (male 5,175,714/female 5,114,128) |
| 15-64 years | 50.1% (male 5,178,742/female 5,842,456) |
| 65 years and over | 3.1% (2024 est.) (male 334,299/female 345,268) |
| Dependency Ratios | |
| Total dependency ratio | 98.5 (2025 est.) |
| Youth dependency ratio | 92.3 (2025 est.) |
| Elderly dependency ratio | 6.2 (2025 est.) |
| Potential support ratio | 16.2 (2025 est.) |
| Median Age | |
| Total | 16.5 years (2025 est.) |
| Male | 15.7 years |
| Female | 17.1 years |
| Urbanization | |
| Urban population | 46.2% of total population (2023) |
| Rate of urbanization | 4.57% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Major urban areas (Pop) | 2.929 million BAMAKO (capital) (2023). |
| Sex Ratio | |
| At birth | 1.03 male(s)/female |
| 0-14 years | 1.01 male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.89 male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.97 male(s)/female |
| Total population | 0.95 male(s)/female (2024 est.) |
| Infant Motality | |
| Total | 55.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) |
| Male | 62.6 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Female | 52 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life Expectancy at birth | |
| Total population | 63.2 years (2024 est.) |
| Male | 60.9 years |
| Female | 65.6 years |
| Drinking Water Sources | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 94.7% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 74.4% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 83.6% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 5.3% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 25.6% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 16.4% of population (2022 est.) |
| Sanitation facility acess | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 88.6% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 49.3% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 67.2% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 11.4% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 50.7% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 32.8% of population (2022 est.) |
| Major Infectious diseases | |
| Alcohol consumption per capita | |
| Total | 0.6 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Beer | 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Wine | 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Spirits | 0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Other alcohols | 0.49 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Tobacco use | |
| Total | 6.9% (2025 est.) |
| Male | 13.1% (2025 est.) |
| Female | 0.6% (2025 est.) |
| Child marriage | |
| Women married by age 15 | 15.9% (2018) |
| Women married by age 18 | 53.7% (2018) |
| Men married by age 18 | 2.1% (2018) |
Demographic profile
All Important Facts about Mali
Want to know more about Mali? Check all different factbooks for Mali below.
