Gambia - Geography

Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Gambia. Almost an enclave of Senegal; smallest country on the African mainland. Mother's mean age at first birth is N/A , whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is N/A.

Population Distribution

Settlements are found scattered along the Gambia River; the largest communities, including the capital of Banjul and the country's largest city, Serekunda, are found at the mouth of the Gambia River along the Atlantic coast, as shown in this population distribution map

People and Society

In Gambia, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Mandinka/Jahanka 33.3%, Fulani/Tukulur/Lorobo 18.2%, Wolof 12.9%, Jola/Karoninka 11%, Serahuleh 7.2%, Serer 3.5%, other 4%, non-Gambian 9.9% (2019-20 est.)

Population N/A
Pop growth rate 2.09% (2025 est.)
Birth rate 26.49 births/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Death rate 5.53 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.)
Current health expenditure N/A
Physicians Density N/A
Hospital bed Density 1.2 beds/1,000 population (2021 est.)
Total fertility rate 3.39 children born/woman (2025 est.)
Gross reproduction rate 1.67 (2025 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate N/A
Est married women (ages 15-49) N/A
Literacy N/A
Education expenditures N/A
Net Migration rate N/A
Nationality Gambian | Gambian(s)
Languages N/A
Religions N/A
Age Structure
0-14 years 38.2% (male 486,472/female 477,309)
15-64 years 58.1% (male 723,360/female 743,127)
65 years and over 3.7% (2024 est.) (male 40,658/female 52,401)
Dependency Ratios
Total dependency ratio 72.1 (2024 est.)
Youth dependency ratio 65.7 (2024 est.)
Elderly dependency ratio 6.3 (2024 est.)
Potential support ratio 15.8 (2024 est.)
Median Age
Total 20.5 years (2025 est.)
Male 19.8 years
Female 20.6 years
Urbanization
Urban population 64.5% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization 3.75% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas (Pop) 481,000 BANJUL (capital) (2023). note: includes the local government areas of Banjul and Kanifing
Sex Ratio
At birth 1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.78 male(s)/female
Total population 0.98 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Infant Motality
Total 35 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.)
Male 39.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Female 32.2 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy at birth
Total population 68.4 years (2024 est.)
Male 66.7 years
Female 70.1 years
Drinking Water Sources
Improved: urban urban: 90.9% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: rural rural: 76.4% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total total: 85.6% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban urban: 9.1% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural rural: 23.6% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total total: 14.4% of population (2022 est.)
Sanitation facility acess
Improved: urban urban: 74.9% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: rural rural: 32% of population (2022 est.)
Improved: total total: 59.4% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: urban urban: 25.1% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: rural rural: 68% of population (2022 est.)
Unimproved: total total: 40.6% of population (2022 est.)
Major Infectious diseases
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total 2.67 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer 0.21 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits 0.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols 2.44 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
Total 8.6% (2025 est.)
Male 17% (2025 est.)
Female 0.5% (2025 est.)
Child marriage
Women married by age 15 5.6% (2020)
Women married by age 18 23.1% (2020)
Men married by age 18 0.2% (2020)
Demographic profile
No additional profile data available.
All Important Facts about Gambia

Want to know more about Gambia? Check all different factbooks for Gambia below.

Gambia is found in Western Africa