Ethiopia - Geography
Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Ethiopia. The most populous landlocked country in the world; the Blue Nile, the chief headstream of the Nile by water volume, rises in T'ana Hayk (Lake Tana) in northwest Ethiopia. Mother's mean age at first birth is N/A , whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is N/A.
Population Distribution
Highest density is found in the highlands of the north and middle areas of the country, particularly around the centrally located capital city of Addis Ababa; the far east and southeast are sparsely populated, as shown in this population distribution map
People and Society
In Ethiopia, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Oromo 35.8%, Amhara 24.1%, Somali 7.2%, Tigray 5.7%, Sidama 4.1%, Guragie 2.6%, Welaita 2.3%, Afar 2.2%, Silte 1.3%, Kefficho 1.2%, other 13.5% (2022 est.)
| Population | N/A |
|---|---|
| Pop growth rate | 2.34% (2025 est.) |
| Birth rate | 29.08 births/1,000 population (2025 est.) |
| Death rate | 5.58 deaths/1,000 population (2025 est.) |
| Current health expenditure | N/A |
| Physicians Density | N/A |
| Hospital bed Density | 0.3 beds/1,000 population (2016 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 3.77 children born/woman (2025 est.) |
| Gross reproduction rate | 1.86 (2025 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | N/A |
| Est married women (ages 15-49) | N/A |
| Literacy | N/A |
| Education expenditures | N/A |
| Net Migration rate | N/A |
| Nationality | Ethiopian | Ethiopian(s) |
| Languages | N/A |
| Religions | N/A |
| Age Structure | |
| 0-14 years | 38.7% (male 23,092,496/female 22,765,882) |
| 15-64 years | 58% (male 34,175,328/female 34,536,238) |
| 65 years and over | 3.4% (2024 est.) (male 1,794,269/female 2,186,085) |
| Dependency Ratios | |
| Total dependency ratio | 71.7 (2025 est.) |
| Youth dependency ratio | 65.8 (2025 est.) |
| Elderly dependency ratio | 5.9 (2025 est.) |
| Potential support ratio | 17.1 (2025 est.) |
| Median Age | |
| Total | 20.6 years (2025 est.) |
| Male | 20.2 years |
| Female | 20.7 years |
| Urbanization | |
| Urban population | 23.2% of total population (2023) |
| Rate of urbanization | 4.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Major urban areas (Pop) | 5.461 million ADDIS ABABA (capital) (2023). |
| Sex Ratio | |
| At birth | 1.03 male(s)/female |
| 0-14 years | 1.01 male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 0.99 male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.82 male(s)/female |
| Total population | 0.99 male(s)/female (2024 est.) |
| Infant Motality | |
| Total | 31.3 deaths/1,000 live births (2025 est.) |
| Male | 37.4 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Female | 27.6 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life Expectancy at birth | |
| Total population | 67.7 years (2024 est.) |
| Male | 65.4 years |
| Female | 70 years |
| Drinking Water Sources | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 83.2% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 42.2% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 51.5% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 16.8% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 57.8% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 48.5% of population (2022 est.) |
| Sanitation facility acess | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 50.8% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 8.2% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 17.8% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 49.2% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 91.8% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 82.2% of population (2022 est.) |
| Major Infectious diseases | |
| Alcohol consumption per capita | |
| Total | 1.16 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Beer | 0.92 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Wine | 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Spirits | 0.2 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Other alcohols | 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Tobacco use | |
| Total | 4.5% (2025 est.) |
| Male | 7.7% (2025 est.) |
| Female | 1.4% (2025 est.) |
| Child marriage | |
| Women married by age 15 | 14.1% (2016) |
| Women married by age 18 | 40.3% (2016) |
| Men married by age 18 | 5% (2016) |
Demographic profile
All Important Facts about Ethiopia
Want to know more about Ethiopia? Check all different factbooks for Ethiopia below.
